Drug interactions refer to the effects that two or more drugs have on each other when taken together. These interactions can result in either an increase or decrease in the effectiveness of the drugs, as well as potential side effects or even toxicity. Drug interactions can occur between prescription medications, over-the-counter drugs, herbal supplements, and even food or drink. Understanding and managing drug interactions is crucial for healthcare professionals to ensure safe and effective treatment for patients. This area of research focuses on identifying, predicting, and managing drug interactions to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential harm.